Oka vs. Ipperwash and Caledonia
The Ipperwash Crisis, the Caledonia Crisis and the Oka Crisis have striking similarities. However, there are many differences between these incidents that have affected the outcome. All three of these are relatively recent land disputes between the Aboriginals of Canada and the Canadian government.
The Oka Crisis was a land dispute in 1990 between the Mohawks and the municipal government of Oka. During this protest the Aboriginals claimed that a forested land was their sacred burial land and they deeply felt a need for this land. However, the municipal government felt the need to extend a nearby golf course farther, for the members only. Therefore, they proposed to cut down their sacred forest to extend it. Evidently the Mohawks opposed this and protested. This ended in the death of one police officer and after 78 days the Mohawks surrendered to the Canadian army.
The Ipperwash Crisis was a land dispute in 1995 between the Ojibway and the federal government of Canada. During World War 2 the government had asked to buy native reserve in Ipperwash to train the Canadian army. However, the Ojibway refused to sell their land because it was their sacred burial ground, despite their refusal the government forcefully took it. By 1993 the military camp had been moved and was no longer in use. Therefore, the Natives peacefully protested for their land to be returned. However, when there was a violent confrontation between the two a Native protestor was shot at multiple times and denied access (by the OPP) to a nearby hospital. Therefore, he died and his family launched a neutral inquiry. The inquiry clearly showed that many of the police officers had racially used profanity against the Aboriginals. In conclusion, the government gave the land back to the Aboriginal peoples, however only under a partial ownership.
The Crisis at Caledonia was a long, tedious and gruelling affair. In 1784 the Crown granted the Six Nations a strip of land as a reward for their military loyalty. In 1825, the government asked for permission to build a road across some of this land. The Aboriginals tentatively agreed to lease this land. However, there were soon complications and the companies felt that the Natives of Canada had surrendered their rights on the land. Therefore, Henco Industries Ltd. planned to create a residential neighbourhood on this land. In 2006, in protest of this, the Six Nations set up tipis on the land. Soon matters escalated when angry mobs of Caledonian residents staged movements against the Aboriginal peoples. Bridges are burnt, officers are assaulted, residents are injured, Aboriginals are wounded and roads have been blockaded. The Crisis at Caledonia was very bloody and a shameful time for the government. To put a stop to this conflict, the provincial government agreed to buy the land from Henco Industries Ltd., thus putting an end to this bloodshed.
This trio of incidents are similar in many ways, however they have all gone to different levels of violence. To begin with they are land disputes between Canadian Aboriginals and the Canadian government. The Ipperwash crisis was relatively short-lived and finished quickly. This incident was special because the Aboriginals were not fighting against a company. Instead, they simply wanted to reclaim their stolen land. The Oka Crisis was a tricky case because both sides had valued arguments. This crisis provoked fiery anger across the country and lasted more than two months. The Crisis in Caledonia was a nasty battle and hatred was flaring wildly. Many people took firm sides and therefore the situation was tense and violent. Therefore, Oka was a slight mixture of the other two in many ways. It was violent, tense and an old war being fought again.
About the Blogger
Hey guys, life is awesome.
This is a photo of my favourite tamil actor. Tamil is the language that I speak at home. It originated in India. My family comes from Sri Lanka. It's a tiny island under India.
His name is Vijay (vi-jae). He's acted in a couple of movies, always as the hero. Vijay is hilarious, and a really good dancer. He is awesome.